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ENERGY DEEP DIVE · THE OVERLOOKED NUCLEAR FUEL GETTING A SECOND CHANCE

Thorium
reactors.

Three to four times more abundant than uranium and impossible to make a weapon from easily. Thorium is fertile, not fissile — it breeds to uranium-233 in the reactor rather than fissioning directly.

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The essentials
TOPIC

Fertile, not fissile

Th-232 absorbs a neutron and decays to U-233, which does fission. That means it needs a starter and a breeding cycle to run.

TOPIC

The proliferation angle

U-233 comes with U-232, whose decay chain is intensely gamma-active. That makes the material self-protecting and hard to divert quietly.

TOPIC

Why it stalled

The weapons programs of the 1950s needed plutonium. Uranium won on that basis, and the infrastructure built around it never unwound.

3-4×
More abundant
U-233
Bred fuel
U-232
Self-protecting
1950s
Why it lost

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Part of the Porritt Inc. energy library. Questions or corrections are welcome.

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